How are theoretical things learned in civil engineering, practically applied????

Theoretically you know shear force is larger at beam ends,

Practically you provide more stirrups at end.

Theoretically you know initial setting time of cement is 30 min,

Practically you add retarders if its gonna take more than 30 min to place the concrete.

Theoretically you know bleeding and segregation are big problems,

Practically you don't place concrete from over 1 m height or add excessive water to concrete.

Theoretically you know what is mean by shrinkage and why it occurs,

Practically you avoid adding excessive cement in mortar to avoid cracks in plaster.

Theoretically you know BM is zero at free end of cantilever beam,

Practically you provide lesser depth to the beam at free end.

Theoretically you know all the load on structure is taken by beam and column,

Practically you provide lesser thickness wall (partition wall) in interior of building.

Theoretically you know a punching shear and its adverse effect,

Practically you provide Pedestal to column.

.

That's how it works,

Every Theory Have Succeeding Practical Application,

And

Every Practical Application Have Preceding Theory.